Volume 7 Issue 13 | December 2013 issue
Table of Contents
7(13) 2013
7(13) 2013
Southern Cross Publishing Group©2013
Australia
Australia
Australian Journal of Crop Science | December 2013
Volume 7 Number 13 2013
Responses of root morphology and architecture to phosphorus deficiency at seedling stage of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) growth
Xiaodong Zheng, Zhenhua Zhang, Xiangbi Chen, Zhihong Jia, Jianhua Yi*, Yirong Su*
Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
Technology center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Limited Corporation, Changsha, China
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
Summary
Plant root has various responses under a low phosphorus (P) status, but knowledge on enhancing root development in tobacco is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate responses of root morphology and architecture of tobacco to different P application levels (0, 0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 m mol L-1, at early seedling stage; 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 1.0, 10 m mol L-1 at later seedling stage).
Pages 1967-1972 | Full Text PDF
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Nutritional profile of cultivated and wild jute (Corchorus) species
Shashi Bhushan Choudhary*, Hariom Kumar Sharma, Pran Gobinda Karmakar, A. Anil Kumar, Amit Ranjan Saha, Pranab Hazra, Bikas Singha Mahapatra
Crop Improvement Division, Central Research Institute for jute and Allied Fibres (CRIJAF), Barrackpore, Kolkata-700120 West Bengal, India
Crop Production Division, Central Research Institute for jute and Allied Fibres (CRIJAF), Barrackpore, Kolkata-700120 West Bengal, India
Department of Vegetable Crop, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Summary
Traditionally jute is cultivated for bast (phloem) fibre production. But in rural belts of Asian, African and European countries, tender leaves from young jute plants are consumed as green leafy vegetable. With a view to have knowledge of nutritional aspect of jute leaf, an experiment was conducted with 17 genotypes belonging to six jute species namely, Corchorus fascicularis, C. trilocularis, C. aestuans, C. tridens, C. capsularis and C. olitorius.
Pages 1973-1982 | Full Text PDF
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Bradyrhizobium improves nitrogen assimilation, osmotic adjustment and growth in contrasting cowpea cultivars under drought
Maria Antonia Machado Barbosa, Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato*, Daniel Kean Yuen Tan, Gιlia Dinah Monteiro Viana, Kelly Nayara Nascimento Coelho, Josι Ricardo Santos Barbosa, Marcele de Cαssia Henriques dos Santos Moraes, Roberto Cezar Lobo da Costa, Benedito Gomes dos Santos Filho, Cβndido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto
Nϊcleo de Pesquisa Bαsica e Aplicada da Amazτnia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazτnia, Paragominas, Brazil
Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Summary
This study investigated the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. on nitrogen metabolism and growth of two contrasting Vigna unguiculata cultivars exposed to both inoculation and water deficit.
Pages 1983-1989 | Full Text PDF
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Conservation of microsatellite regions across legume genera increases marker repertoire in pigeonpea
Subhojit Datta*, Sahil Mahfooz, Pallavi Singh, Arbind Kumar Choudhary, Sushil Kumar Chaturvedi, Nagaswamy Nadarajan
Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, 208 024, India
Summary
Microsatellite markers from chickpea, common bean, fieldpea and lentil were studied for their transferability and ability to reveal polymorphism in pigeonpea with an objective to use them in linkage map construction and tagging of agronomically important traits. Out of total one hundred and sixty three genic and genomic markers from four legume genera screened on six pigeonpea genotypes, 58 were found to be transferable in pigeonpea.
Pages 1990-1997 | Full Text PDF | Supplementary data PDF
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Influence of fertilizer rates and soil series on growth performance of natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) latex timber clones
Monsuru Salisu, Noordin Daud*, Izham Ahmad
Department of crop science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
Summary
The increasing demand for natural rubber is due to its preference over synthetic rubber, especially in the automobile industries. Adequate nutrition for immature rubber is considerably necessary to boost its vegetative growth and yield in later stage. This study was conducted in the nursery with complete randomized design (CRD) in factorial over a period of 24 weeks. The plants used were RRIM 2001, RRIM 2025 and RRIM 3001 in two different soil series Holyrood (Oxisols) and Munchong (Ultisols) with five fertilizer treatments as 0% (F1), 50% (F2), 100% (F3), 150% (F4), 200% (F5).
Pages 1998-2004 | Full Text PDF
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Screening of Chinese bread wheat genotypes under two water regimes by various drought tolerance indices
Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir, Xiaojie Chen, Long Tian, Anthony Gerard Condon and Yin-Gang Hu*
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
Summary
Forty-six Chinese bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were evaluated for two growing seasons (2010-2012), under water-stressed and non-stressed environments, to classify them according to the target environment. The trial was conducted in a rainout shelter to avoid the effect of unpredictable rainfall. The results of combined analysis of variance for grain yield revealed that the effects of environment (E), genotype (G), year (Y) and their interactions were highly significant (P< 0.01).
Pages 2005-2013 | Full Text PDF
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Combining, earliness, short anthesis to silking interval and yield based selection indices under intermittent water stress to select for drought tolerant maize
Kahiu Ngugi*, Juma Ogeto Collins, Sicily Muchira
Department of Plant Sciences & Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, PO BOX 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
Summary
Maize, the most important staple crop in Kenya, is affected by drought stress at flowering period leading to low yields. Past studies at CIMMYT have demonstrated that a short Anthesis to Silking Interval (ASI) is an important component of drought tolerance in maize. In this study, one hundred and thirty five F2;F3 progenies developed from crosses between long ASI, Katumani composites and short ASI, elite CIMMYT genotypes were evaluated for grain yield under drought stressed and well-watered environments, in two seasons in an alpha lattice design of three replications.
Pages 2014-2020 | Full Text PDF
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Exogenous diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate enhanced growth of corn and soybean seedlings through altered photosynthesis and phytohormone
Ruijuan Qi*, Wanrong Gu*, Juan Zhang, Ling Hao, Mingcai Zhang, Liusheng Duan, Zhaohu Li
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, H aidian, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, No.59 Mucaijie, Xiangfang, Haerbin 150030, China
Summary
Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DTA6) is an artificial tertiary amine with low molecular weight and high bioactive regulators. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of exogenous DTA6 on the plant growth, gas exchange, PSII photochemistry, and phytohormone in corn and soybean seedlings.
Pages 2021-2028 | Full Text PDF
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Physiological comparison between mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves diet and artificial diet on growth development as well as antibiotic therapeutic response of silkworms
Pimporn Anantaworasakul, Hiroshi Hamamoto, Kazuhisa Sekimizu, Siriporn Okonogi*
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Summary
Silkworm has been proposed recently as an animal model for the study of therapeutic effects of drug candidates. Little is known regarding the factors influencing the physiology of the silkworm, and this might become the major effect of the therapeutic result interpretation. In the present study, the effect of a diet of mulberry leaves as compared to an artificial diet on Thai silkworm growth development as well as the antibiotic therapeutic responses of bacterial infected silkworms is explored.
Pages 2029-2035 | Full Text PDF
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QTL analysis of eating quality and cooking process of rice using a new RIL population derived from a cross between Minghui 63 and Khao Dawk Mali105
Nassirou Tondi Yacouba, Bo Yu, Guangjun Gao, Qinglu Zhang, Caiguo Xu, Jinhua Xiao and Yuqing He*
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Summary
The cooking and eating quality of the rice grain is one of the most serious problems in many rice producing areas of the world. In this study, QTL analysis was performed for rice cooking and eating quality using a new recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Minghui 63 (MH63), the Chinese best male sterility restorer in the hybrid rice programs, and Khao Dawk Mali105 (KDML105), the Thai jasmine rice, known as the best quality rice.
Pages 2036-2047 | Full Text PDF
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High resolution melting curve analysis: an efficient method for fingerprinting of hybrid rice cultivars and their parental lines
Yanfang Zhu, Qitian Wang, Jin Hu*, Liwei Zhu, Jiancheng Wang, Shuijin Zhu and Yajing Guan*
Seed Science Center, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Peoples Republic of China
Summary
The objective of this investigation were to fingerprint three commercial hybrid rice cultivars and their parental lines using SSR molecular markers to develop an efficient fingerprinting method for rice cultivar identification and seed purity analysis in agriculture production. Three methods, agarose gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis and high resolution melting curve analysis were used to fingerprinting three hybrid F1 rice cultivars and their parental lines.
Pages 2048-2053 | Full Text PDF
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Review article
Storage root formation, dry matter synthesis, accumulation and genetics in sweetpotato
Placide Rukundo*, Hussein Shimelis, Mark Laing, Daphrose Gahakwa
African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), P.O. Box 5016, Kigali-Rwanda
Summary
Sweetpotato is a relatively drought tolerant crop providing the highest dry matter content for human consumption. High dry matter content is the main characteristic preferred by consumers and processors of sweetpotato. There is a continued need to develop and release new and high yielding sweetpotato varieties possessing high dry matter content. The objective of this paper is to review important aspects in the breeding of the crop to achieve high storage root yield and increased dry matter content.
Pages 2054-2061 | Full Text PDF
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Allelopathic effects of Fimbristylis miliacea on the physiological activities of five Malaysian rice varieties
Mohammed Abu Bakar Siddique, Ismail B.S.*
School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Summary
Fimbristylis miliacea, a sedge having allelopathic potential is a dominant weed in the rice fields. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse to evaluate the allelopathic effects of F. miliacea on the physiological activities of five Malaysian rice varieties namely MR211, MRQ74, MR220, MR84 and MR232.
Pages 2062-2067 | Full Text PDF
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Improvement of quality, membrane integrity and antioxidant systems in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum Linn.) seeds affected by osmopriming
Boonmee Siri, Kanit Vichitphan*, Preeya Kaewnaree, Sukanda Vichitphan, Preekamol Klanrit
Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resource, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
Department of Biotechnology and Fermentation Research Center for Value Added Agricultural Products (FerVAAP), Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand
Summary
Seed priming is a complex physiological and biochemical process and offers an effective means to improve seed quality. This study focuses on the effect of priming process on quality and biochemical changes in sweet pepper seed (Capsicumn annuum Linn.).
Pages 2068-2073 | Full Text PDF
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Self- and cross-incompatibilities in sweetpotato and their implications on breeding
Fekadu Gurmu*, Shimelis Hussein and Mark Laing
University of KwaZulu-Natal, African Center for Crop Improvement, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Hawassa Research Centre, P.O. Box 6, Hawassa, Ethiopia
Summary
The objectives of this review are three-fold. The first section focuses on highlighting the effects of incompatibility on sweetpotato breeding. The second part focuses on describing the types of incompatibilities and methods to determine and distinguish between incompatibility and sterility. The third part of the review examines techniques that can be used to overcome incompatibilities.
Pages 2074-2078 | Full Text PDF
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Broken rice detection based on microwave measurement technique using microstrip wide-ring sensor and microstrip coupled-line sensor
Hou Kit Mun, Kok Yeow You* and Mohamad Ngasri Dimon
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia
Summary
This paper proposes a microstrip wide-ring sensor and a microstrip coupled-line sensor for measuring the percentage of broken rice (BR) based on microwave measurement technique. Sensors with low insertion loss were developed to operate within a frequency range from 1 GHz to 3 GHz.
Pages 2079-2090 | Full Text PDF
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The potential role of seed priming with ascorbic acid and nicotinamide and their interactions to enhance salt tolerance in broad bean (Vicia faba L.)
Mohamed M. Azooz*, Abdullah M. Alzahrani and Magdy M. Youssef
Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Summary
Seed priming with vitamins is an efficient method for increasing seedlings growth and productivity under stressful conditions. This study aimed to investigate the priming of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds using 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid and nicotinamide and to study their interactions on growth and some physiological parameters of plant under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) for 4 weeks.
Pages 2091-2100 | Full Text PDF
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Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus) crop - Malaysian new oil/energy source: production, processing and prospects
Bande Yahaya Muhammad*, Adam Nor Mariah, Jamarei Bin Othman, Azmi Yahya, and Zubairu Usman Bashar
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra, Malaysia, 43400, Sri Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Universiti Putra, Malaysia, 43400, Sri Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Summary
Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus), a tropical crop mostly grown in parts of Africa, was introduced and grown in Malaysia to establish its adaptation and performance for oil and bio-energy. The crop was planted on a 200m2 area planting plot on two seasons (Malaysias dry and wet seasons). A total of 1127 fruits/200m2 (or 5.635 fruits/m2), produced 45.5kg/200m2 (or 0.2275kg/m2) seeds after processing during dry season.
Pages 2101-2107 | Full Text PDF
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Relationship between root morphology and grain yield of wheat in north-western NSW, Australia
Babar M. Atta*, Tariq Mahmood and Richard M. Trethowan
The University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW 2570, Australia
Permanent address: Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), P.O. Box 128, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Summary
Roots are crucial for water up take and nutrient supply both under water limiting and non-limiting conditions, thus influencing crop water-use-efficiency (WUE) and grain yield. The field experiments were conducted in relatively dry conditions in 2009 to assess the impact of genotypic variation for root traits on WUE and yield. Fifteen wheat genotypes were planted in alpha-lattice designs with three replications and tested under high and low moisture regimes.
Pages 2108-2115 | Full Text PDF
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Searching for salt tolerance among wild relatives of wheat: What should we look for?
Hamutal Inbart-Pompan, Tamar Eilam, and Amram Eshel*
Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Summary
Common strategies for identifying new genetic sources for crop salt tolerance have had limited success. One of the problems lies in the focusing on the seedling vegetative stage, despite the fact that tolerance at the reproductive stages is different. This article highlights a new strategy for such research. The first phase of this study focused on finding closely-related genotypes that differed in a key trait related to salt tolerance. Four hundred lines of four species were subjected to 150 mM NaCl in sand culture.
Pages 2116-2127 | Full Text PDF
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Physio-morphological changes of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) in responses to soil salinity
Suriyan Cha-um*, Charlie B. Batin, Thapanee Samphumphung, Chalermpol Kidmanee
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
College of Agriculture and Forestry, Mariano Marcos State University (MMSU), Batac City 2906, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Summary
Remediation of salt affected soil using organic matter (OM) chelating agent is an effective procedure with low cost, simple and sustainable techniques. We investigated the physio-biochemical responses of two legume species viz. cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis [L.] DC.) to salt stress with a view to select model plant species for salt-remediation.
Pages 2128-2135 | Full Text PDF
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Effects of earthworms, arbuscular mycorrhizae, and phosphate rock on setaria grass (Setaria splendida) and phosphorus availability in soil
Djunita Tengku Sabrina, Mohamed Musa Hanafi*, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi, Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed, and Nor Azwady Abdul Aziz
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, 70060-Pakistan
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400-UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Summary
Phosphate rock (PR) is essentially insoluble in water. Improvement in P dissolution could be achieved through the interaction of micro- and macro-organisms in soil. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with epigeic earthworms (W) (Pontoscolex corethrurus M.), arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae Tul), and gafsa phosphate rock (GPR) to evaluate their effects on dry matter (DM), root colonization, and nutrient accumulation of setaria grass (Setaria splendida) and availability of P in the soil.
Pages 2136-2144 | Full Text PDF
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Differential response of three contrasting pea (Pisum arvense, P. sativum and P. fulvum) species to salt stress: assessment of variation in antioxidative defence and miRNA expression
Jovanka Milju-Djukic*, Nemanja Stanisavljevic, Svetlana Radovic, ivko Jovanovic, Aleksandar Mikic and Vesna Maksimovic
University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Studentski Tgr 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Summary
Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to crops yield failure. For investigation of salinity response in pea, in vitro cultures of three pea species (Pisum arvense, P. sativum and P. fulvum) were induced. Regenerated shoots of these pea species were grown on a medium with moderate and high NaCl concentrations (75, 120, 150 and 200 mM NaCl) to compare the antioxidative capacity in response to salt stress.
Pages 2145-2153 | Full Text PDF
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More than meets the eye: A multi-year expressivity analysis of tomato sterility in ps and ps-2 lines
Elzbieta U. Kozik, Marzena Nowakowska, Miroslawa Staniaszek, Barbara Dyki, Anna Stepowska, Marcin Nowicki*
Research Institute of Horticulture, Department of Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology of Vegetable Crops, 1/3 Konstytucji 3 Maja St, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland
Summary
Functional male sterility in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) positional sterile ps and ps-2 lines provides a good facultative sterility system for F1 hybrid seed production. In order to elucidate the observed variability in the trait stability, expressivity was observed in a comparative multi-year study (2008 - 2012) across seven ps and two ps-2 tomato lines.
Pages 2154-2161 | Full Text PDF
